The eastern Hemlock is a full sun large tree but young plant
grows fast under the shade. It is a long living tree, the oldest recorded
specimen, found in Tionesta, Pennsylvania, being at least 555 years old. It is
also a large tree generally grows 31 m (102 ft) in height, but sometimes it
grows up to 53 m (174 ft) in height. The trunks diameter at breast height is
often 1.5 m (5 ft) but also some trees have been recorded up to 1.8 m (6 ft) in
diameter. Generally the trunk is grows straight and monopodial, but rarely it
can be forked. The crown is broadly conic, while the brownish bark is scaly and
deeply fissured, especially when growing older. The twigs are yellow-brown
color and with darker red-brown pulvinus.
The buds are oval in shape and also very small, only 1.5 – 2.5 mm in
length. These are not look like pitchy but may slightly look like same.
The leaves are typically 1.5 – 2.5 cm (0.6 – 1 in) in
length. They are flanttened and are typically distichous, or two-ranked. The
bottom part of the leaf is sea-blue with two plank and clearly visible stomatal
bands, while the upper surfaces of the leaf color is a shiny green to
yellow-green. The edges of the leaf are very slightly toothed, especially near
the top.
The both sexes flowers are found in the same tree. The tree
is monoecious, that is, male and female flowers are separate. Male flowers are
small, round yellow cone shapes near the ends of branches. These male cones
have globular pollen packets and are mounted on a short green stalk. Male
flowers form conelets in April to early June, and release pollen for up to six
weeks. The female cones are oval in shape and typically measure 1.5 – 2.5 cm
(0.6 – 1 in) in length and 7 – 10 mm in width. The scales are ovate to cuneate
in shape and 8 – 10 mm in length are 1 – 1.5 cm in width. The edge is more or
less rounded and is often projected outward. Twenty-four diploid chromosomes
are present within the trees. The female conelets have also developed in April
to early June, with two ovules present on each cone scale, opening to receive
pollen at about the same time that the male cones begin to produce it. After
the pollination period, the female cones mature and develop until the autumn,
and seed dispersal typically begins in mid-October and continues into the winter.
The wood of Eastern Hemlock is brittle and full
of knots, thus not valuable for anything but rough wood needs. An extract of
Hemlock bark was once a commercial source of tannin for the production of
leather and that use led to the destruction of many mature stands of the tree.
Other than the bark, the remainder was discarded. The leafy twigs uses to make
of Hemlock Tea. It is plant as an ornamental plant in garden, park or road
side. T. Canadensis also commercially
plant for Christmas tree.
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
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| Young Plant of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Young Plant |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Young plant |
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| Leaves of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Leaves |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Leaves |
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| Leaves of Tsuga canadensis |
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| Male Flowers of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Male Flowers |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Male Flowers |
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| Female Cones of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Female Cones |
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| Mature Cones of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Mature Cone |
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| Cones of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Bark of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Bark |
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| Logs of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Logs |
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| Ornamental Plant of Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis Ornamental Plant |
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| Eastern Hemlock Ornamental Plant |
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| Ornamental Plant of Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
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| Eastern Hemlock as Christmas tree |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
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| Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock |
