Monday, August 20, 2018

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

General Information
Common Name Mountain Hemlock
Scientific Name Tsuga mertensiana
Sun Tolerance Full Sun
Height 20 - 60 m (66 - 132 ft)
Spread 10 - 15 m (33 - 50 ft)
Growth Rate Fast
Bloom Time Spring
Color Green,
Flower Color Yellow
Type Tree
Native USA, Europe.
Classification
Kingdom Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
SuperdivisionSpermatophyta – Seed plants
Division Coniferophyta – Conifers
Class Pinopsida
Subclass 
Order Pinales
Family Pinaceae – Pine Family
Genus Tsuga  –  Hemlock
Species T. mertensiana

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock
Tsuga mertensiana commonly known as Mountain Hemlock, is native to the west coast of North America, from Alaska to California, British Colombia, and the mountains of Washington. It is also found in the Rockies of northern Idaho and Montana.
Mountain Hemlock is a large tree, growing 20 – 40 m (66 – 132 ft) in height, some exceptional specimens grows up to 59 m (194 ft) in height. Its trunk diameter can be up to 2 m (7 ft). It is also a long loving tree, the oldest are known to be over 500 years old but some may be over 1000 years old. The Bark is thin and square-cracked or mortise, and gray to reddish-brown in color. The crown is a slender, breezy, conic shape in young trees with a tilted or drooping lead shoot. It becomes cylindrical when grow older. All ages of the trees are distinguished by the slightly pendulous branchlet tips. The shoots are small and orange-brown in color, with frequent pubescence all most 1 mm long.
T. mertensiana is an evergreen tree. The leaves are shape in needle-like, 7 – 25 mm (0.3 – 1 in) long and 1 – 1.5 mm wide. These are soft, edgeless-tipped, only little flattened in cross-section. The color of leaves are pale glaucous blue-green on above, and with two broad bands of bluish-white stomata below with only a narrow green midrib between the bands; and this is the differ the Mountain Hemlock from the other species of hemlock. There also having stomata on the top surface of leaves, and are arranged spirally all around the shoot.
Tsuga mertensiana as Ornamental Plant
There are both sexes flowers found in the same tree. The tree is monoecious, that is, male and female flowers are separate. Male flowers are small, round yellow cone shapes near the ends of branches. The female cones are also small but much longer than any other species of hemlock. It is cylindrical, pendulous, 3 – 8 cm (1 – 3 in) long and 8 – 10 mm broad before the open. After the mature when open it become 1 – 4 cm broad, superficially somewhat like a small spruce cone. They have thin, flexible scales 8 – 18 mm long. The immature cones are dark purple, after the pollination it become red-brown within 5 -7 months. The seeds are red-brown, 2 – 3 mm long, with a slender shape, and 7 – 12 mm long pale pink-brown wing.
Mountain Hemlock is a wood tree, but outside the native area, it is manly plant as an ornamental tree. It is planted as a specimen tree in USA, Europe and some Asian Countries as landscaping, in garden or road side. Mountain Hemlock cultivation is limited by the very slow growth of young plants and its susceptibility to urban air pollution.





Young Plant of Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Young Plant

Mountain hemlock Young Plant

Leaves of Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Leaves

Mountain hemlock Leaves

Leaves of Tsuga mertensiana

Male flowers of Mountain hemlock

Mountain hemlock Male flowers and Female Cones

Female Cones Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Female Cones

Mature Cones of Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Mature Cones

Bark of Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Bark

Logs of Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Logs

Ornamental Plant of Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana Ornamental Plant

Mountain hemlock Ornamental Plant

Mountain hemlock Ornamental Plant in Gardent

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock

Tsuga mertensiana - Mountain hemlock
Mountain Hemlock Video:

Friday, August 10, 2018

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

General Information
Common Name Eastern Hemlock
Scientific Name Tsuga canadensis
Sun Tolerance Full Sun
Height up to 53 m (176 ft)
Spread 10 - 15 m (33 - 50 ft)
Growth Rate Fast
Bloom Time Spring
Color Green,
Flower Color Yellow
Type Tree
Native USA, Europe.
Classification
Kingdom Plantae – Plants
Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
SuperdivisionSpermatophyta – Seed plants
Division Coniferophyta – Conifers
Class Pinopsida
Subclass 
Order Pinales
Family Pinaceae – Pine family
Genus Tsuga  –  Hemlock
Species T. canadensis

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock
Tsuga Canadensis, commonly known as Eastern Hemlock also known as Canadian Hemlock is native to eastern North America. It is the State Tree of Pennsylvania.
The eastern Hemlock is a full sun large tree but young plant grows fast under the shade. It is a long living tree, the oldest recorded specimen, found in Tionesta, Pennsylvania, being at least 555 years old. It is also a large tree generally grows 31 m (102 ft) in height, but sometimes it grows up to 53 m (174 ft) in height. The trunks diameter at breast height is often 1.5 m (5 ft) but also some trees have been recorded up to 1.8 m (6 ft) in diameter. Generally the trunk is grows straight and monopodial, but rarely it can be forked. The crown is broadly conic, while the brownish bark is scaly and deeply fissured, especially when growing older. The twigs are yellow-brown color and with darker red-brown pulvinus.  The buds are oval in shape and also very small, only 1.5 – 2.5 mm in length. These are not look like pitchy but may slightly look like same.
The leaves are typically 1.5 – 2.5 cm (0.6 – 1 in) in length. They are flanttened and are typically distichous, or two-ranked. The bottom part of the leaf is sea-blue with two plank and clearly visible stomatal bands, while the upper surfaces of the leaf color is a shiny green to yellow-green. The edges of the leaf are very slightly toothed, especially near the top.
The both sexes flowers are found in the same tree. The tree is monoecious, that is, male and female flowers are separate. Male flowers are small, round yellow cone shapes near the ends of branches. These male cones have globular pollen packets and are mounted on a short green stalk. Male flowers form conelets in April to early June, and release pollen for up to six weeks. The female cones are oval in shape and typically measure 1.5 – 2.5 cm (0.6 – 1 in) in length and 7 – 10 mm in width. The scales are ovate to cuneate in shape and 8 – 10 mm in length are 1 – 1.5 cm in width. The edge is more or less rounded and is often projected outward. Twenty-four diploid chromosomes are present within the trees. The female conelets have also developed in April to early June, with two ovules present on each cone scale, opening to receive pollen at about the same time that the male cones begin to produce it. After the pollination period, the female cones mature and develop until the autumn, and seed dispersal typically begins in mid-October and continues into the winter.
The wood of Eastern Hemlock is brittle and full of knots, thus not valuable for anything but rough wood needs. An extract of Hemlock bark was once a commercial source of tannin for the production of leather and that use led to the destruction of many mature stands of the tree. Other than the bark, the remainder was discarded. The leafy twigs uses to make of Hemlock Tea. It is plant as an ornamental plant in garden, park or road side.  T. Canadensis also commercially plant for Christmas tree.



Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

Young Plant of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Young Plant

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Young plant

Leaves of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Leaves

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Leaves

Leaves of Tsuga canadensis
Male Flowers of Eastern Hemlock



Tsuga canadensis Male Flowers

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock Male Flowers

Female Cones of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Female Cones

Mature Cones of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Mature Cone

Cones of Eastern Hemlock

Bark of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Bark

Logs of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Logs

Ornamental Plant of Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis Ornamental Plant

 Eastern Hemlock Ornamental Plant

Ornamental Plant of Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

Eastern Hemlock as Christmas tree

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock

Tsuga canadensis - Eastern Hemlock
Eastern Hemlock: